Robotic Technologies in ADHD Care: Literature Review

Jonnathan Berrezueta-Guzman,Ivan Pau,Fernando Pesantez-Aviles,Maria-Luisa Martin-Ruiz,Vladimir Espartaco Robles-Bykbaev

doi:10.1109/access.2021.3137082

Jonnathan Berrezueta-Guzman, Ivan Pau + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3137082

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Journal: IEEE Access	Publication Date: Jan 1, 2022
Citations: 9	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Politecnica Salesiana University

Abstract

Robotics has made it possible to change and improve many support processes for vulnerable people in different settings. In recent years, its use has been oriented toward supporting therapeutic interventions of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD), including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This review of the literature highlights how advances in robotics have evolved in different scenarios of ADHD treatment, its collaboration with other emerging technologies, its results, its limitations, and the research challenges for the future development of robotics in the field of supporting children with ADHD. The authors conducted a literature review based on the location of keywords ‘robotics’ and several NNDs such as ‘ADHD’, ’Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)’, ‘cerebral palsy’, and ‘dementia’ in titles, abstracts, and introduction of scientific articles in the Scopus and Web of Science (WoS) database. The reviewed literature was classified according to the type of therapy supported by the robots, the type of robot and the associated technologies. From this analysis, we can solve the research question: Which types of robots have the potential for specific applications in ADHD treatment? Furthermore, this article shows that despite favorable technical results, robotic technologies that support ADHD therapies require significant improvements in terms of scalability, human-machine interaction, and treatment and processing of acquired information to be applied effectively in real-world therapies. The most significant research challenges are proposed to drive research efforts to develop new approaches to enable robotic assistants to participate in ADHD therapies.

Highlights

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder (ADHD) that affects a large number of children and whose timely treatment is the only way to prevent its prevalence in adulthood [1]
The results show that the Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) sample had a greater generalization of motor memory in proprioceptive coordinates compared to children with ADHD
The results showed that the introduction of robotic aids can effectively reduce the emotional appearances of students, which means that a counseling strategy with robotic aids has an effect

Summary

Introduction

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder (ADHD) that affects a large number of children and whose timely treatment is the only way to prevent its prevalence in adulthood [1]. Several nonpharmacological treatments to treat these NND have implemented technological developments such as the Internet of Things (IoT) [4,5,6], Artificial Intelligence (AI) [7,8,9,10], Virtual Reality (VR) [11,12,13,14], Augmented Reality (AR) [1517], and Robotics [18,19,20,21,22,23]. Several NDD treatments have significantly harnessed the potential of robotics.

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