Robotic sheet metal folding: Tool vs. material programming

Abstract

This research explores how deductive engineering thinking, as opposed to an abductive design rationale, can influence how robotic methods of fabricating building components are developed. The goal of this research is to demonstrate how creative thinking can introduce alternative robotic fabrication techniques targeted for the architectural mass-customization process. For this purpose, we chose robotic dieless sheet metal folding as the main fabrication technique, due to its wide range of applications in both the architectural construction and manufacturing industries. Two robotic sheet metal folding projects were developed. The first, an example of tool programming, took advantage of an engineering approach and was focused on the affordances of the tool (an industrial robotic arm). The second project, one of material programming, employed a design methodology and was directed towards the affordances of the material (i.e., stainless steel sheet metal). By discussing the advantages and disadvantages of each approach, this research argues that both engineering and design should be considered required and complementary processes in the development of new creative fabrication solutions, allowing them to and make the overall production process more efficient.