Robotic Hysterectomy and Pelvic–Aortic Lymphadenectomy for Endometrial Cancer

Abstract

To report the learning curve and outcomes after our first 105 patients underwent robotic hysterectomy and pelvic-aortic lymphadenectomy for the comprehensive staging of endometrial cancer. We prospectively collected patient demographics, operative times, complications, pathologic results, and length of stay on all patients who underwent robotic hysterectomy pelvic-aortic lymphadenectomy for clinical stage I or occult stage II endometrial carcinoma. One hundred five patients at The Ohio State University between March 2006 and April 2008 underwent exploration with the intent of robotic hysterectomy pelvic-aortic lymphadenectomy. Ninety-two (87.6%) were completed robotically and 13 (12.4%) were converted. The probability of conversion was 15% (95% confidence interval [CI] 8.4-25.7), 24% (95% CI 12.4-39.9), 35% (95% CI 15.9-59.6), and 48% (95% CI 19.1-77.8) for a body mass index of 40, 45, 50, and 55 kg/m(2), respectively. The median body mass index was 34 kg/m(2) (range 19-58). In patients who underwent a robotic hysterectomy pelvic-aortic lymphadenectomy (n=79, 75%) or a robotic hysterectomy-pelvic lymphadenectomy (n=6, 5.7%), the average operating time from skin opening to closure was 242 minutes (+/-50 minutes). The median estimated blood loss was 99 mL (+/-83 mL). The median number of lymph nodes recovered was 29 (range 9-56), 21 (range 5-40) pelvic nodes and 9 (range 2-21) aortic nodes. The median length of stay was 1 night. After analysis of the data, we determined approximately 20 cases are needed to gain proficiency. Early experience demonstrates that robotic hysterectomy pelvic-aortic lymphadenectomy for endometrial cancer is feasible, with approximately 20 procedures needed to gain proficiency. III.