Abstract
A novel HTS-SQUID gradiometer with ramp-edge Josephson junctions (JJs) composed of SmBa <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> Cu <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">y</sub> base-electrode and La <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">01</sub> Er <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.95</sub> Ba <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1.95</sub> Cu <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">y</sub> counter-electrode was developed. The robustness of the gradiometer in AC field perpendicular to the device plane was investigated. In an AC field of less than 2.8 mT <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">pp</sub> at 100 Hz, flux-trapping, jumping and increase in noise did not happen in the gradiometer, while a traditional HTS-SQUID gradiometer with YBa <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> Cu <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">7-x</sub> thin film and bicrystal JJs with the same dimension as the novel gradiometer could not be operated properly in an AC field of about several tens nT <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">pp</sub> . A robot-based NDE system utilizing the novel HTS-SQUID gradiometer was developed. The system could move the gradiometer three-dimensionally (3D) in an unshielded environment without magnetic shielding or compensation technique. Eddy-current-based detection of a through hole in magnetized stainless steel board was demonstrated by the robot-based HTS-SQUID NDE system.
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