Abstract
The discovery that potent, sequence-specific inactivation of gene function can be induced by double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) has led to a revolution in reverse genetic analysis. The apparent ubiquity of the biochemical pathways involved means the approach, termed RNAi (for dsRNA-mediated interference has been demonstrated in various species of protozoa, hydra, flatworms, roundworms, arthropods and vertebrates, many not previously thought of as good genetic systems. For mammals, however, it was thought RNAi might be suitable only for studies on the oocyte and preimplantation embryo. In mammalian cells other than these, dsRNA triggers a nonspecific inhibition of protein synthesis that overwhelms any sequence-specific RNAi effect.
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