Abstract
RNA editing, or post-transcriptional changes in the sequences of RNAs, is being increasingly recognized as an important player in the regulation of gene expression in vertebrates and invertebrates. Different types of RNA editing have been reported. This review discuss the type of RNA editing caused by cellular enzymes known as adenosine deaminases that act on RNAs (ADARs), and it's significance in the lifecycle of an RNA virus, hepatitis delta virus.
Highlights
As implied by the term “editing”, “RNA editing” refers to changes made on RNAs
Editing on RNAs was originally described by Benne and coworkers in 1986 as a unique phenomenon occurring on certain messenger RNA transcripts in the mitochondria of trypanosomes[1]
That RNA editing is recognized as an important player in the gene expression pathway
Summary
As implied by the term “editing”, “RNA editing” refers to changes made on RNAs. Editing on RNAs was originally described by Benne and coworkers in 1986 as a unique phenomenon occurring on certain messenger RNA (mRNA) transcripts in the mitochondria of trypanosomes[1]. When RNA editing occurs on mRNAs, it can cause reprogramming of genetically encoded messages and can alter the coding output of messages. The conventional wisdom of deciphering amino acid sequences of proteins from corresponding gene sequences (the genetic code) has to be done with caution. It is not surprising, that RNA editing is recognized as an important player in the gene expression pathway. This review focuses on nucleotide conversions, the conversion of adenosine (A) to inosine (I) These conversions involve a deamination reaction and are catalyzed by a group of enzymes known as ADARs (adenosine deaminases that act on RNAs)[5]
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