Abstract
LoRaWAN is renowned and a mostly supported technology for the Internet of Things, using an energy-efficient Adaptive Data Rate (ADR) to allocate resources (e.g., Spreading Factor (SF)) and Transmit Power (TP) to a large number of End Devices (EDs). When these EDs are mobile, the fixed SF allocation is not efficient owing to the sudden changes caused in the link conditions between the ED and the gateway. As a result of this situation, significant packet loss occurs, increasing the retransmissions from EDs. Therefore, we propose a Resource Management ADR (RM-ADR) at both ED and Network Sides (NS) by considering the packet transmission information and received power to address this issue. Through simulation results, RM-ADR showed improved performance compared to the state-of-the-art ADR techniques. The findings indicate a faster convergence time by minimizing packet loss ratio and retransmission in a mobile LoRaWAN network environment.
Highlights
We proposed End Devices (EDs)- and Network Sides (NS) side Adaptive Data Rate (ADR) for spreading factor and transmit power management
Resource Management ADR (RM-ADR) implemented at the ED side counts the number of transmisto the based on retransmission information
The proposed sions from each ED and sent to NS contained in LoRa frame header and assigned SF and TPat sideonextracted the number of transmission the LoRaRM-ADR
Summary
Among LPWAN technologies, LoRaWAN is the most widely used for IoT due to long-range communication and low-cost solutions [1,2,3]. For resource allocation [e.g., SF and Transmit Power (TP)] to EDs, LoRaWAN adopts an adaptive data rate (ADR) [5,6]. It fails to adapt itself when the underlying environment is mobile, resulting in massive packet loss. It is recommended for static applications, such as metering [7] This proposes a resource management ADR (RM-ADR) at both ED- and NS-sides by considering packet transmission information and received power to alleviate this considerable packet loss by reducing the retransmission.
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