Rôle de l’axe microbiote-intestin-cerveau dans la dérégulation du comportement alimentaire au cours de l’obésité et de l’hyperphagie boulimique : les mécanismes: Implication of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in the changes of eating behavior in obesity and binge eating disorder (BED): the mecanisms

Abstract

Eating disorders (ED), particularly compulsive ED such as binge eating disorder (BED), play an important role in the pathophysiology of obesity. Recent data have highlighted the involvement of the microbiotagut-brain axis in the regulation of eating behavior; its deregulation could therefore contribute to the onset of obesity via the development or perpetuation of ED, in particular BED. This review highlights the various peripheral and central pathophysiological mechanisms linking intestinal dysbiosis and the disruption of eating behavior leading to obesity and BED. The main peripheral regulatory signals involved are peptides associated with food intake (ghrelin, GLP-1), short-chain fatty acids and bacterial components. The brain integration of peripheral and central signals modulating food intake, involving at homeostatic (arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus) and hedonic (reward system) levels, will be described during BED and obesity. This better understanding of the role of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in the control of eating behavior in relation to the pathophysiology of obesity opens up prospects for innovative therapeutic strategies targeting gut microbiota reshaping.© 2023 Société francophone nutrition clinique et métabolisme (SFNCM).Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.