Abstract
The Guarianthe skinneri orchid is included in NOM-059-ECOL-2010, Mexico standard as an endangered species. In order to study PGPR (promoting growth plant rhizobacteria) from this orchid, 10 roots were collected from different plants to isolate bacteria associated with the roots, which were analyzed by in vitro tests such as: production of AIA, nitrogen fixation, interaction with the mycorrhizal fungus Thanatephorus sp. strain RG26 and phosphate solubilization. We obtain 71 bacterial isolates, 10 strains of them were characterized by sequencing with the 16d rDNA marker identifying six bacteria: Sphingomonas sp. Sinorhizobium sp. Bacillus sp. Nocardia cerradoensis, Bacillus megaterium and Burkholderia phytofirmans. We observed that the bacterium Sinorhizobium sp. produced a greater amount of AIA (69.189 μg/ml) and Bacillus sp. performed greater acetylene reduction (10.251 nmol cultivo/96h). In the interactions of the bacteria and the fungus RG26, four categories were presented (extremely positive, positive, antagonism 50-50 and inhibition). In relation to the solubilization of phosphate, Burkholderia phytofirmans presented higher IS after 48 and 96 hr with an IS of 3.11 and 3.48, respectively. The results indicate that Bacillus sp. it could have the best characteristics to promote the development of the G. skinneri orchid by inoculating seeds and seedlings.
Highlights
El estado de Chiapas (México) se caracteriza por su amplia biodiversidad
Para la conservación de las orquídeas, y en el caso específico de G. skinneri, sería muy útil emplear cepas de bacterias beneficiosas que puedan ser capaces de promover mayor absorción de P por la planta
Con el fin de estudiar las Bacterias Promotoras de Crecimiento Vegetal (BPCV) (bacterias promotoras del crecimiento vegetal) en esta orquídea, se recolectaron 10 raíces de diferentes plantas para aislar bacterias asociadas a las raíces, que se analizaron mediante pruebas in vitro como: producción de AIA, fijación de nitrógeno, interacción con el hongo micorrízico Thanatephorus sp
Summary
El estado de Chiapas (México) se caracteriza por su amplia biodiversidad. En particular la familia Orchidaceae es una de las más abundantes con 700 especies de orquídeas aproximadamente (Solano-Gómez et al, 2016). El objetivo del presente estudio fue identificar, caracterizar bioquímicamente y mediante secuenciación de 16s DNAr cepas bacterianas asociadas a las raíces de la orquídea G. skinneri con potencial para el crecimiento vegetal que puedan considerarse como Bacterias Promotoras de Crecimiento Vegetal (BPCV).
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