River bed evolution processes under conditions of floodplain overgrowing with trees and shrubs vegetation

Abstract

The article presents the investigation of the influence of tree and shrub vegetation on the discharge capacity of a river bed during high water. It was traced, that the calculating methods for roughness code and floodplain throughput capacity are good enough in case of a simple form of a river lengthwise section, but they do not work in case of meandering channels and in case of overgrown floodplain with vegetation: calculating errors significantly exceed the permissible ones. The method for eliminating the adverse effects of vegetation is proposed. The studies use the field observations results of the processes of vegetation influence on erosion effect and the sediment deposits. The field of observation is located in the middle part of the Volga-Akhtubinskaya floodplain (Kharabalinsky district). Space images (Yandex maps, Sputnik) of this area are used to improve the results of investigation. To correct the calculations in each specific case, it is necessary to carry out additional field hydrological studies. These studies will undoubtedly be much cheaper than the reconstruction costs of the hydraulic systems, and the costs of eliminating the accident results. Based on the research results, a simple and low-cost method for eliminating the impact of vegetation is proposed.