RISKS OF INJURY AND HEALTH DAMAGE WHEN USING BLACKSMITH EQUIPMENT

Abstract

The article identifies the need to analyze the risks of injury and health damage when using blacksmith equipment which is due to the implementation of the latest technologies for the successful economic development of the country, the introduction of a risk-oriented approach, as well as the implementation of international standards in all sectors of the economy. It was noted that international standards are based on the use of a risk-oriented approach in solving issues of safety and occupational health of employees. Therefore, this requires the implementation of new approaches and the formation of new relationships in particularly dangerous areas of production. The general state of occupational injuries and deaths of workers in Ukraine for the period starting from 2022 to 2024 (four months of the current year) is given. The given data indicate an increase in the number of accidents at work which is further complicated by the war. These data indicate an increase in injuries at work which is a bad indicator and the need to implement modern risk-oriented technologies in the metallurgical industry. Analyzing the situation in the metallurgical industry where blacksmith equipment is widely used it should be noted that the main causes of injury and death of workers are organizational. This proves that the risk management system at enterprises is imperfect and needs to be improved and brought into line with international standards. Scientific approaches to determining the risks of injury and damage to the health of workers (operators) when using blacksmith equipment are considered. It is shown that modern technologies of metal processing by forging as one of the methods of pressure processing, use more and more robotic complexes which have risks associated with the organization of work in the conditions of the probability of physical impact of their individual elements and substances on workers. The dangerous and harmful factors that accompany the work of operators when using the MKP10 forging manipulator are given. The operation of the MKP10 manipulator is considered as an example. Tables and diagrams of the manipulator are made in accordance with the DSTU ISO 12100:2016 standard. The calculation of the risk indicator of the MKP10 manipulator was also performed which showed that the risk is average in terms of its damage and probability indicators. This leads to the need to apply risk management to control such risk and reduce it to acceptably small values.