Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the risks of central nervous system (CNS) infections and related mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing dialysis. Incident dialysis patients were identified from 2000 to 2013. The risks of CNS infection and related mortality were analyzed. The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of CNS infection in the ESRD group compared with the control group was 3.46 (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.75-4.35). The adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 90-day mortality following CNS infections in the ESRD group in comparison with the control group was 5.99 (95% CI 2.78-12.9). The adjusted HR of overall CNS infection for the peritoneal dialysis (PD) group in comparison with the hemodialysis (HD) group was 1.07 (95% CI 0.63-1.82). Influenza vaccination was associated with a lower risks of CNS infection in dialysis patients (adjusted HR: 0.38, 95% CI 0.30-0.48). The adjusted OR of 90-day mortality following CNS infection for the PD group in comparison with the HD group was 1.01 (95% CI 0.55-1.87). The risks of CNS infections and related mortality were remarkably high in dialysis patients with no significant difference between patients with ESRD under HD and PD treatment.
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