Abstract
Adolescents, who were once considered to be the healthiest individuals, are now seeing a rise in NCDs amongst them. This is a Short Term Studentship (STS) Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) selected research project of undergraduate medical student. It was done after institutional ethical clearance and permission from School Principal, assent from students and consent from their parents. This is a school based, cross- sectional study of total 200 school-going adolescents of 15 to 17 years age (100 students, each from private and government coed schools) in Urban Pune. A predefined, pretested AACCI lifestyle questionnaire was explained and given to the students followed by physical examination. The overweight and obese students were advised for further investigations for metabolic syndrome. In private school, the mean BMI was 21.16 for boys and 21.13 for girls while in government school, it was 19.62 for boys and 19.58 for girls. In private school, 3% students were overweight (Girls: 2.22%, Boys: 3.64%), 11% obese (Girls: 6.67%, Boys: 14.55%) and 4% underweight. In government school, 5% were overweight (Girls: 6.12%, Boys: 3.92%), 3% obese (Boys: 5.88%, no girls) and 17% underweight. In Private School, hypertension was in 5.45% boys and 2.17% girls. In government school, hypertension was in 3.64% boys and 2.17% girls. The prevalence of risk factors like overweight and obesity was higher in adolescents from private school than government school. It was more in boys in both schools. A significant correlation was found between lifestyle habits like eating fast food, sedentary lifestyle and non-communicable diseases in adolescents. This is due to change in lifestyle habits.
Highlights
Adolescents, who were once considered to be the healthiest individuals, have become a troubled generation
Mean BMI was higher in private school students than in government school in both boys and girls. 65
Number of obese girls in private school was 6.67% but no girl was obese in government school
Summary
Adolescents, who were once considered to be the healthiest individuals, have become a troubled generation. A rise in non-communicable diseases (NCD) among the youth is being seen globally, especially in developing countries like India. Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are chronic conditions of non-contagious origin. The common NCDs in adolescents include hypertension, diabetes, asthma, obesity, cancer, anxiety and depression. An estimated 1.2 million people under 20 yrs of age die from treatable NCDs each year, accounting for 13% of global NCD mortality.(2) According to statistics, more than 25% of obese adolescents had signs of diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance by 15yrs of age in 2013.(3)The prevalence of hypertension is 4.5% in adolescents.(4) The main reason for the prevalence of the above diseases is change of lifestyle habits. Consumption of fatty and oily foods, bad food habits, tobacco smoking, alcohol and sedentary lifestyle have led to diseases like hypertension, diabetes, obesity
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