Abstract
BackgroundTN is one of the most common causes of facial pain. A higher prevalence of psychiatric co-morbidities, especially depressive disorder, has been proven in patients with TN; however, a clear temporal-causal relationship between TN and specific psychiatric disorders has not been well established. We performed a nationwide population-based retrospective cohort study to explore the relationship between TN and the subsequent development of psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, depressive disorder, anxiety disorder, and sleep disorder.MethodsWe identified subjects who were newly diagnosed with TN between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2010 in the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. A comparison cohort was constructed for patients without TN who were matched according to age and sex. All TN and control patients were observed until diagnosed with psychiatric disorders, death, withdrawal from the National Health Institute system, or until December 31, 2010.ResultsThe TN cohort consisted of 3273 patients, and the comparison cohort consisted of 13,092 matched control patients without TN. The adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of depressive disorder, anxiety disorder and sleep disorder in subjects with TN was higher than that of the controls during the follow-up [aHR: 2.85 (95 % confidence interval: 2.11–3.85), aHR: 2.98 (95 % confidence interval: 2.12–4.18) and aHR: 2.17 (95 % confidence interval: 1.48–3.19), respectively].ConclusionsTN might increase the risk of subsequent newly diagnosed depressive disorder, anxiety disorder, and sleep disorder, but not schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. Additional prospective studies are required to confirm these findings.
Highlights
Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is one of the most common causes of facial pain
After adjusting for age, sex, co-morbidities, urbanization, and monthly income, the results indicated that patients with TN exhibited a markedly higher risk for subsequent depressive disorder, anxiety disorder, and sleep disorder (Table 2)
In our study, a nationwide retrospective cohort study was performed to investigate the hazard ratio of newly diagnosed psychiatric disorders following a diagnosis of TN between the patients with TN and the comparison cohort without TN
Summary
TN is one of the most common causes of facial pain. A higher prevalence of psychiatric co-morbidities, especially depressive disorder, has been proven in patients with TN; a clear temporal-causal relationship between TN and specific psychiatric disorders has not been well established. Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a common cause of chronic orofacial pain. TN may be one of the most puzzling orofacial pain conditions and affected patients are often difficult to treat [1, 2]. Women are more often affected than men, with an approximate male to female ratio of 1:1.7 [6]. This female predominance may be related to the increased longevity of women compared to men. Among a variety of causes of TN [7,8,9], the microvascular
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