Abstract
Healthcare-associated infections (HAI) in preterm infants are a challenge to the care of these fragile patients. HAI-incidence rates range from 6 to 27 infections per 1000 patient-days. Most nosocomial infections are bloodstream infections and of these, the majority is associated with the use of central venous catheters. Many studies identified parenteral nutrition as an independent risk factor for HAI, catheter-associated bloodstream infection, and clinical sepsis. This fact and various published outbreaks due to contaminated parenteral nutrition preparations highlight the importance of appropriate standards in the preparation and handling of intravenous solutions and parenteral nutrition. Ready-to-use parenteral nutrition formulations may provide additional safety in this context. However, there is concern that such formulations may result in overfeeding and necrotizing enterocolitis. Given the risk for catheter-associated infection, handling with parenteral nutrition should be minimized and the duration shortened. Further research is required about this topic.
Highlights
There has been an increase of preterm births (
Gram-negative microorganisms such as Klebsiella pneumoniae, E. coli, and P. aeruginosa were able to proliferate in TNA with glucose, amino acids, and lipid emulsion, but growth was impaired in conventional TPN without lipids [26]
The reasons for parenteral nutrition being identified as a risk factor by a number of studies include contamination of infusates; a catheter may infect at any time during catheterization due to handling, which is exemplified by the fact that coagulase-negative Streptococci (CoNS) is the most common pathogen identified in neonatal Central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) [2]
Summary
There has been an increase of preterm births (
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