Risk of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSD) in Rescuer Performing CPR at Kneeling, Standing and Step-on-Stool Position

Abstract

CPR is a live-saving procedure commonly performed in emergency department. Chest compression is a crucial component of CPR requires the rescuer to provide large force at certain rate. Emergency medical staff frequently needs to perform CPR in uncomfortable and awkward position such as kneeling on the floor or stretcher, standing in moving ambulance and standing on step-stool. Musculoskeletal pain and fatigue are often reported among rescuer after performing. The study aimed to assess the ergonomic risk factor of musculoskeletal disorders in rescuer performing chest compression at 3 different positions: kneeling, standing and step-on-stool. A cross-sectional study involving 30 participants consist of emergency doctors, nurses and paramedic was carried out in Emergency and Trauma Department of Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan. All participants were required to perform chest compression on mannequin each at kneeling, standing and step-on-stool position. Participants are video graphed while performing high-quality CPR. Ergonomic risk score is assessed by using Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) tool. This study showed that the highest mean REBA score recorded at kneeling position, followed by standing position and step-on-stool position. Mean REBA score at all 3 positions belongs to high risk group and it is necessary to further investigate and implement change as soon as possible.