RISK OF ANAPHYLAXIS TO THE COMPONENTS OF THE COVID-19 VACCINE: A STUDY IN MEXICAN POPULATION

Abstract

<h3>Introduction</h3> Doubts about potential allergic reactions emerged with reports around the world in COVID-19 vaccination. In this abstract, we present the clinical features and comorbidities of patients with a history of anaphylactic reactions to the components of the COVID-19 vaccine and other triggering factors. <h3>Methods</h3> A digital survey was carried out after accepting the informed consent with a self-report of the most common symptoms of anaphylaxis. The most common triggering factors were evaluated in anaphylaxis, also the use of drugs whose components are polyethyleneglycol and polysorbates. Subsequently, a follow-up was carried out to evaluate the experience with the application of the COVID-19 vaccine. <h3>Results</h3> This study enrolled 600 subjects over 18 years. The risk of stratification of anaphylaxis to the components of the COVID-19 vaccine was: high (1%), medium (11%), and mild (88%). 5 women were at high risk, 3 reported a history of atopy, 2 patients received the COVID-19 vaccine despite its high risk without presenting serious allergic reactions. 65 patients with a history of anaphylaxis to other triggers were obtained: food (32.9%), injected medications (27.2%), vaccines (13.9%), insects (15.8%), latex (10.1%). The most prevalent allergic history was allergic rhinitis and the thyroid diseases ranked first as comorbidity. 76.9% of medium-risk patients received at least one dose of the COVID-19 vaccine without reporting anaphylaxis, the remaining percentage lost follow-up. 530 participants were at mild risk. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The risk of anaphylaxis to the components of the COVID-19 vaccine is low. Anaphylaxis cases prior to other triggers do not predispose to increased risk in COVID-19 vaccination.