Risk Factors of the Occurrence of Diarrhea in Children Under Five Years Old In Indonesia (Riskesdas 2013 and 2018 Data Analysis)

Abstract

Diarrhea is one of the main causes of under-five mortality in the world, including Indonesia. Indonesia’s Infant Mortality Rate is 32 per 1000 births with diarrhea as the largest contributor at the age of 12-59 months. This study aims to identify the risk factors of diarrhea in children under five in Indonesia. The research design was a cross-sectional study using secondary data from Riskesdas 2013 and 2018. The sample is 176,275 toddlers. Bivariate and multivariate analysis used STATA. The final model of multivariate analysis showed that the risk factors were male (AOR=1.12, 95%CI=1.06-1.17) in 2013; (AOR=1.12, 95%CI=1.07-1.17) in 2018, poor nutritional status (AOR=1.27, 95%CI=1.18-1.36) in 2013; (AOR=1.18, 95%CI=1.05-1.33) in 2018, maternal age:10-24 years old (AOR=1.19, 95%CI=1.14-1.23) in 2013; (AOR= 1.19, 95%CI=1.14-1.23) in 2018, maternal education level:graduated from elementary school/equivalent (AOR=1.21, 95%CI=1.16-1.27) in 2013; (AOR=1.21, 95%CI=1.17-1.26) in 2018, mother’s hand washing without soap (AOR= 1.21, 95%CI=1.15-1.28) in 2013; (AOR=1.12, 95%CI=1.07-1.18) in 2018, did not use a latrine (AOR=1.25, 95%CI=1.17-1.33) in 2013; (AOR=1.24, 95%CI=1.16-1.33) in 2018. It can be concluded that the risk factors of diarrhea in children under five were gender, nutritional status, mother’s education, mother’s age, mother’s hand washing method and use of latrines.