Abstract
Objective To determine the risk factors of ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and to study the prognostic factors of long-term survival.Methods Of the 4209 patients with HCC diagnosed and treated at the Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital from Apr 2002 to Nov 2006,200 patients (4.8％) presented with ruptured HCC.These patients were studied retrospectively and the results of treatment were evaluated and compared with a randomly selected group of 202 patients who had no history of rupture and were treated during the study period.Results On multivariate logistic regression analysis,co-existing hypertension and cirrhosis,tumor size ＞5 cm,vascular thrombus and extrahepatic invasion were predictors of spontaneous rupture of HCC.For the 200 patients with spontaneous rupture of HCC,105 patients underwent elective one stage hepatic resection,33 received transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE),and 62 were treated conservatively.The median survival time (MST) for patients with spontaneous rupture of HCC was 6 months (range,1-72 months),and the overall survival rates at 1-,3-and 5-year were 32.5％,10％ and 4％,respectively.The MST was 12 months (range,1-72 months) in the surgical group,4 months (range,1-30 months) in the TACE group and 1 month (range,0-19 months) in the conservative group.The 1-,3-and 5-year overall survival rates in patients with ruptured HCC who received partial hepatectomy were 57.1 ％,19.0％ and 7.6％,respectively,compared with 77.1％,59.8％ and 41.2％ in 98 patients who underwent partial hepatectomy for HCC without rupture (P＜0.001).Conclusions For patients with HCC who had underlying of hypertension and cirrhosis,extrahepatic invasion and tumor size ＞5 cm,there was a high propensity to rupture.Prolonged survival could be achieved in selected patients who received one-stage partial hepatectomy,although the survival results were inferior to the patients had no rupture. Key words: Hepatocellular carcinoma ; Rupture ; Predictors ; Prognosis ; Hepatectomy
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