Abstract
BackgroundThe incidence of premature rupture of membranes ranges from about 5% to 10% of all deliveries. A woman with premature rupture of membranes is at risk of intra-amniotic infection, postpartum infection, endometritis, and death. A neonate born from premature rupture of membranes mother is at high risk of respiratory distress syndrome, sepsis, intraventricular hemorrhage and death. Little is known regarding the risk factors in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify risk factors of premature rupture of membranes among pregnant women admitted to public hospitals in Mekelle city, Tigray, Ethiopia.MethodsHospital based unmatched case control study design was implemented on 240 samples (160 controls and 80 cases) from pregnant mothers admitted to public hospitals in Mekelle city from February – April/2016. Data was collected by interviewer administered Structured questionnaire and checklist. Binary logistic regression model was used to see the association between dependent and independent variables and multivariable logistic regression was used to identify the independent predictors of premature rupture of membranes.ResultsA total of 160 controls and 80 cases were enrolled in the study. Multivariable logistic regression showed that history of abortion [AOR 3.06 (CI: 1.39, 6.71)], history of PROM [AOR 4.45 (CI: 1.87, 10.6)], history of caesarean section [AOR 3.15(CI: 1.05, 9.46)] and abnormal vaginal discharge in the index pregnancy [AOR 3.31(CI: 1.67, 6.56)] were positively associated with premature rupture of membranes.ConclusionsPast obstetric history and risks in the index pregnancy have an association with premature rupture of membranes. The finding of the study suggests early identification and treatment of genitourinary infection.
Highlights
MethodsHospital based unmatched case control study design was implemented on 240 samples (160 controls and 80 cases) from pregnant mothers admitted to public hospitals in Mekelle city from February – April/2016
The incidence of premature rupture of membranes ranges from about 5% to 10% of all deliveries
Premature rupture of the membranes (PROM) which occurs prior to 37 weeks of gestation is referred as preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM), whereas; PROM which occurs after 37 weeks of gestation is referred as term premature rupture of membranes
Summary
The study was conducted in Mekelle city from December/2015 – June/2016. Mekelle is the capital city of Tigray Region. Hospital based unmatched case control study design was implemented. The Study population was pregnant mothers who came to labour ward at public hospitals in mekelle city during the data collection period. With assumption of 95% CI, 80% power, control to case ratio 2:1 the sample size was 228. The sample size was allocated to the study hospitals proportionally based on a case flow in the preceding three months. Women with premature rupture of membranes who met the inclusion criteria were recruited until the calculated sample size was attained. Women without premature rupture of membranes who met the inclusion criteria and admitted following the cases was selected using simple random sampling technique as controls and interviewed in the study period. The collected data was checked for completeness, consistency and clarity. Goodness of fit was checked by Hosmer and Lemeshow test and Omnibus test of model coefficients
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