Risk factors of postoperative abdominal infection in patients with cholelithiasis and nursing intervention

Abstract

Objective To investigate the risk factors of postoperative abdominal infection in patients with cholelithiasis (CL) and its nursing intervention, so as to provide some guidance for clinic. Methods A total of 421 patients with CL, treated by surgery from January 2012 to December 2014, were selected by cluster sampling method. Among them, 78 CL patients with postoperative abdominal infection were enrolled in the study. The distribution of pathogens and risk factors such as physical factors in patients or iatrogenic factors were investigated. Besides, a pertinent nursing intervention was carried out pre-operation and post-operation in order to prevent or improve the infection in CL patients. Results A total of 89 bacterial strains were isolated, including 53 Gram-negative (59.55%) , 36 Gram-positive (40.45%) and 1 fungal strain (1.12%) . The top five strains are Escherichia coli 28 (31.46%) , Enterococcus faecalis 19 (21.35%) , Pseudomonas aeruginosa 14 (15.73%) , Klebsiella pneumonia 9 (10.11%) and E. faecium 9 (10.11%) , respectively. The results showed that the factors including the age of patients, complicating with other diseases, damage operation, drainage tubes, classes of postoperative antibiotics, etc. had significant impact on the incidence of postoperative abdominal infection in CL patients (P<0.05) . Conclusions Many risk factors involve in postoperative abdominal infection of patients with CL. Some effective nursing interventions should be applied to reduce the incidence of postoperative infection and improve postoperative complications in patients. Key words: Gallstones; Infection; Risk factors; Nursing care