Abstract
BackgroundThere is a relative lack of recent information about late post kidney transplantation anaemia (PTA), especially in the developing countries; data are scarce about the prevalence and risk factors of PTA. Sudan was a leading country in Africa and Arab world in kidney transplantation. The first kidney transplantation in Sudan was in 1973.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional hospital analytic study enrolling all kidney transplanted recipients following in the transplant referral clinics at Ahmed Gassim, Selma and Ibn Sina Hospitals, Khartoum/Sudan, in the period from 1/8/2010 to 1/9/2010, clinical and laboratory data were obtained from 114 patients, anaemia was defined as Hb levels of < 13 g/dl for male patients and < 12 g/dl for female patients, exclusion criteria were pregnancy, below 18 years old patients, multiple organ transplantation, and patients with less than one year from the transplantation.ResultsThe study showed that 39.5% of the patients were anaemic. Univariate analysis showed that late PTA is significantly associated with not using Erythropoietin (EPO) in the pre-transplant period (p = < 0.001), history of rejection (p = 0.003), longer time from transplantation (p = 0.015), and eGFR (p < 0.0001). Multivariate analysis showed that eGFR (p = < 0.001) and not use of EPO in the pre transplant period (p < 0.001) are strong predictors of PTA. The use of Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors/Angiotensin receptors blockers (ACEI/ARB), immunosuppressive treatments, presence or absence of co-morbidities, donor type and donor age are not significantly associated with late PTA.ConclusionThe study concluded that late PTA is common and under recognized. Risk factors for late PTA include renal dysfunction, history of rejection, longer duration of transplantation and not using EPO in the pre-transplant period. Renal dysfunction and not using EPO in the pre-transplant period are major predictors of late PTA.
Highlights
There is a relative lack of recent information about late post kidney transplantation anaemia (PTA), especially in the developing countries; data are scarce about the prevalence and risk factors of PTA
Renal dysfunction is strongly associated with development of PTA [2,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18] and considered as a major risk factor, other risk factors like rejection [9,19,20], recent infections [21,22,23,24], longer duration from transplantation [7], immunosuppressive treatments [3,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32], use of Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors/Angiotensin receptors blockers (ACEI/ARB) [2,12,13,33,34], low serum albumin [4], protein energy waste syndrome [35], and old age of the kidney donor [2] are all considered as risk factors for development of PTA
Our aim in this study is to identify the prevalence of late PTA (> 1 year post transplant) and the risk factors of late PTA among adult Sudanese kidney recipients
Summary
There is a relative lack of recent information about late post kidney transplantation anaemia (PTA), especially in the developing countries; data are scarce about the prevalence and risk factors of PTA. Sudan was a leading country in Africa and Arab world in kidney transplantation. Our aim in this study is to identify the prevalence of late PTA (> 1 year post transplant) and the risk factors of late PTA among adult Sudanese kidney recipients Renal dysfunction is strongly associated with development of PTA [2,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18] and considered as a major risk factor, other risk factors like rejection [9,19,20], recent infections [21,22,23,24], longer duration from transplantation [7], immunosuppressive treatments [3,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32], use of Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors/Angiotensin receptors blockers (ACEI/ARB) [2,12,13,33,34], low serum albumin [4], protein energy waste syndrome [35], and old age of the kidney donor [2] are all considered as risk factors for development of PTA.
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
