Abstract
Background: We aimed to find the difference between girls with clinical features of Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), divided into two groups: Overweight/obesity (Ov/Ob) and normal weight (N), related to diet, disordered eating attitudes (DEA), metabolic and hormonal differences, and to identify the risk factors of being overweight or obese. Methods: Seventy-eight adolescents with PCOS, aged 14–18 years, were divided into Ov/Ob and N groups. Patients underwent blood tests for determination of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), total testosterone, DHEA-S, estradiol, of sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), fasting glucose, insulin, Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), and lipid profile. Nutrition was evaluated using a 3-day food record. To examine the level of DEA, the Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26) was used. We defined an EAT-26 score ≥20 as positive for DEA. Logistic regression was carried out to identify the independent predictors of being overweight and obese. Results: An increase of 10 g in plant protein intake decreased the probability of being overweight and of obesity (OR = 0.54; p = 0.036). EAT-26 score ≥20 was correlated with a 7-fold (OR = 6.88; p = 0.02) increased odds of being overweight or of obesity. Conclusion: Being overweight and obesity in adolescents with PCOS may be associated with DEA and the type and amount of protein intake.
Highlights
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common cause of hyperandrogenism in girls and women
In the group of overweight and obese patients, a statistically significant difference was demonstrated in relation to the second study group in terms of waist circumference (WC) (p < 0.001) and the content of fat mass expressed as a percentage (FM%) (p < 0.01)
Comparing the groups studied in terms of metabolic parameters, we observed a significant difference in overweight and obese girls compared to the slim ones in terms of WC (p < 0.001) and the content of FM% (p < 0.01) (Table 1)
Summary
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common cause of hyperandrogenism in girls and women. They experience an increased production of androgens caused by too much conversion of hormones in adipose tissue or stimulated by hyperinsulinemia, their excessive production in the ovaries and adrenal glands. The reduced concentration of sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) may cause the pool of free hormones to be higher than in lean girls Due to these disorders, obese girls remain at increased risk of menstrual disorders, hirsutism, and of developing polycystic ovary syndrome [4,5,6]. We aimed to find the difference between girls with clinical features of Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), divided into two groups: Overweight/obesity (Ov/Ob) and normal weight (N), related to diet, disordered eating attitudes (DEA), metabolic and hormonal differences, and to identify the risk factors of being overweight or obese. Conclusion: Being overweight and obesity in adolescents with PCOS may be associated with DEA and the type and amount of protein intake
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