Risk Factors of Low-Birth-Weight Baby in Indonesia

Abstract

Introduction: LBW (Low Birth Weight) gets more intentions from many governments over the world because it is one of significant factors that may increase under-five mortality and infant mortality. The global prevalence of low birth weight (LBW) is still high (15.5%) where most of them (96.5%) are living in developing countries. Although In Indonesia the prevalence of LBW is considered low, it is steadily increasing should be considered: in 2007 5.4%; 5.7% in 2013, to 6.2 % in 2018. In 2020, the most common cause of neonatal death is low birth weight (LBW). BBLR in East Java reached 3.7%. Objection: To know the risk factors of LBW prevalence based on maternal age, number of pregnancy, gender, gestational age, fetal presentation, mode of delivery, SPE, PROM, and anemia in PKU Muhammadiyah Mojoagung public hospital, East Java. Method: This study is an retrospective cross-sectional study design study in PKU Muhammadiyah Mojoagung public hospital during Desember 2021 till November 2022. Purposive sampling method used to obtain the samples from medical records that fit to inclusion and exclusion criteria (n=100). Data was analyzed with SPSS statistics used chi-square, fisher, kruskal wallis, and logistic regression analytic method. Result: A total of 100 newborn were included during study period. The regression test showed significant result at maternal age <20/>35 years (p=0,000, OR 25.726, 95%CI 4.746-139.456) and anemia (p=0,002, OR 13.355, 95%CI 2.581-69.088) with LBW prevalence. Conclusion: maternal age and anemia risk factors that significant lead to LBW prevalence in PKU Muhammadiyah Mojoagung public hospital, East Java.