Abstract
The aim of this study was to correlate the clinical, laboratory, and radiographic characteristics of patients with a confirmed diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease, with fatal outcome. We reviewed chest X-ray (CXR) features, clinical, and laboratory data of patients with reverse transcriptase polymerase-chain-reaction confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 infection. The relationship with mortality was investigated by fitting a logistic regression model. A total of 246 patients were included (170 males; mean age, 63 y). Most of the patients had 1 or more comorbidity (62%); fever (95%), and cough (60%) were the most common symptoms; CXR detected abnormalities in 88.6%, mainly showing ground-glass opacities (GGO) (90%) with bilateral (64%) and peripheral (46%) distribution.Multivariate analysis showed that age (P < 0.001; mortality of 59% in patients >66 y old; 5% at a younger age) and consolidation at CXR (P = 0.001; mortality of 11% with positive CXR; 2% in those without) represented the 2 most significant independent risk factors of mortality. Chronic pathologies, such as diabetes and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and peripheral GGO at CXR also showed a significant correlation with mortality. We identified predictive factors for the fatal outcome of COVID-19 patients. The prognostic value of these findings can be useful for optimal patient management and resource allocation.
Highlights
S everal cases of pneumonia of unknown etiology have been reported in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China, in December 2019.1 The virus causing the epidemic was identified on January 7 as a new coronavirus (2019-nCoV), and the resulting pneumonia was named by the WHO as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).[2]
Clinical manifestations of COVID-19 infection are highly variable: serious cases develop severe pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and multiple organ failures leading to death; nonsevere cases present ordinary symptoms of respiratory system infection; and asymptomatic cases have been reported.[2,4,5,6,7]
We excluded many patients because, even if the reported symptoms were suspected for COVID-19 infection, the diagnosis was not confirmed by the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR); we excluded patients with data missing due to the retrospective nature of the study, transfer to and from other hospitals, and length of hospitalization
Summary
The aim of this study was to correlate the clinical, laboratory, and radiographic characteristics of patients with a confirmed diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease, with fatal outcome
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