Risk factors of dysphagia in patients with cardiac surgery

Abstract

Objective To explore the risk factors of dysphagia in patients with cardiac surgery, so as to provide a basis for clinical nursing. Methods From January 2014 to June 2016, we collected data from 158 patients with cardiac surgery in Heping Hospital Affiliated of Changzhi Medical College. All of the patients were divided into the group of dysphagia (n=60) and the group of normal deglutition (n=98) . We compared the sexes, ages, body mass index (BMI) , smoking history, time of tracheal intubation, types of surgery, family history of heart disease, previous history of cardiac surgery, New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification, European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (EuroSCORE) , bed and oxygen uptake after surgery, intra-operative transesophageal echocardiography, natriuretic peptide application and mechanical assistance after surgery between two groups. Multiple Logistic was used to analyze the risk factors of dysphagia after surgery. Results There were no statistical differences in the BMI, smoking history, family history of heart disease, bed and oxygen uptake after surgery, intra-operative transesophageal echocardiography, natriuretic peptide application and mechanical assistance after surgery as well as of previous history of cardiac surgery of patients between the group of dysphagia and the group of normal deglutition (P>0.05) ; however, there were significant differences among patients with different ages, gender, NYHA classification, EuroSCORE, time of tracheal intubation (P<0.05) . Multiple logistic analysis showed that the risk factors of dysphagia after cardiac surgery included the ages equal or greater than 70 years old, Ⅲ-Ⅳfor the NYHA classification, 3-6 for the score of EuroSCORE, time of tracheal intubation equal or greater than 12 hours (P<0.05) . Conclusions Health care providers should pay attention to the influencing factors of dysphagia after cardiac surgery involving ages, NYHA classification, score of EuroSCORE, time of tracheal intubation. Key words: Deglutition disorders; Cardiac surgery; Risk factors