Risk Factors of Bacteremia in Children with Community Acquired Pneumonia

Abstract

Background: Pneumonia is the leading cause of infectious death in children worldwide. Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) is pneumonia obtained in communities where bacteria are the most common cause in children. Bacteremia accompanied by pneumonia has the potential to threaten life in children but the risk factors for bacteremia with pneumonia are not yet clear. Objective: To study the risk factors of bacteremia in children with CAP Methods: This was a case control observational study used pediatric inpatient medical records from January 2014-December 2018 Results: There were 275 subjects who met inclusion and exclusion criteria and 45(16.4%) of them had positive blood cultures. Therefore, 90 subjects were included in this study with a mean (±SD) age of 23.57(±43.28) and most of them were male (60%). Klebsiella pneumonia was the causative pathogen of most cases (22.2%). In bivariate analysis, it was found that malnutrition (OR 35.2; 95% CI 4.45-278.25; p=0.000), congenital heart disease (OR 6.83; 95% CI 2.09-22.4; p=0.001) and hematological disease (OR 12.57; 95% CI 1.54-102.97; p=0.004) were the risk factors of bacteremia in children with CAP. Meanwhile, multivariate analysis showed only malnutrition that had relationship with bacteremia in children with CAP (Exp(B) 0.027; CI 95% 0.003-0.231; p=0.001) Conclusion: Malnutrition was significant risk factors of bacteremia in children with CAP