RISK FACTORS OF ACUTE OTITIS MEDIA IN PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN IN PURWOKERTO

Abstract

Background: Acute Otitis Media (OMA) or commonly known by the public as congek, is a condition where there is fluid in the middle ear with signs and symptoms of infection, and can be caused by various pathogens. AOM that gets the right treatment can interfere with daily activities and have an impact on permanent hearing loss. One of the efforts to prevent and overcome AOM cases is to know the risk factors. The purpose of this research is to find out what risk factors can cause AOM in elementary school children
 Methods: This study uses a quantitative method with a Case-Control approach and the sampling technique in the case group using Total Sampling and in the control group using Purposive Sampling. Respondents in this study were parents of elementary school students who were sampled in this study at SDN 1 Bobosan and SDN 4 Kranji with a total of 34 respondents, while the control group in this study used a ratio of 1:2. The variables used in this study were gender, immunization status, history of allergies, history of ARI, history of exclusive breastfeeding, parental income, number of family members in the house, exposure to cigarette smoke. Data collection was done by interview. Data were analyzed using Chi-Square test and continued with logistic regression test. The risk factor for AOM is known by calculating the odds ratio (OR) value.
 Results: Bivariate results showed a relationship between history of exclusive breastfeeding, parental income, and exposure to cigarette smoke with the incidence of AOM in elementary school children in Purwokerto. Multivariate results showed that there was an influence between cigarette smoke exposure (OR 7,043) and the incidence of AOM in elementary school children in Purwokerto
 Conclusions: Exposure to cigarette smoke is the most influential factor in the incidence of AOM in primary school children.