Risk factors in obese Egyptian women with polycystic ovary syndrome

Abstract

Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy affecting women in the childbearing age causing metabolic anomalies. Women with PCOS present with ovulatory dysfunction, abnormal hormones, hyperandrogenemia, obesity, and hyperinsulinemia. The aim of the work was to predict the cardiometabolic risk factors in Egyptian obese women with PCOS in relation to the phenotypic variability of PCOS. Patients and methods A total of 90 adult females in the reproductive age were examined. Overall, 40 women were diagnosed by means of ultrasound to be having PCOS, who were compared with 50 healthy women with no risk of any metabolic syndrome and within normal weight. BMI was calculated, and systolic/diastolic blood pressure was recorded. Fasting blood glucose, fasting blood insulin, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and lipid profile were estimated. Homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (IR) was calculated. Results BMI, fasting blood glucose, fasting blood insulin, homeostatic model assessment of IR, and alanine aminotransferase were significantly increased and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol was significantly decreased in the PCOS group. The increase in blood pressure was not significant. Conclusion The cardiometabolic risk factors in Egyptian obese women with PCOS were type 2 diabetes mellitus, IR, obesity, dyslipidemia, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, but hypertension was not a crucial risk factor. Further research studies are needed to establish the relationship between PCOS and cardiometabolic profile, as this may be essential in the management of these cases.