Risk factors for venous symptoms in Russian patients with chronic venous disease

Abstract

Objectives: The study aimed to investigate risk factors for venous symptoms in Russian patients with chronic venous disease (CVD).Methods: Data on 487 patients with CVD aged 18 years and more were extracted from the database of a cross-sectional population-based study on the prevalence of CVD in a rural settlement. Risk factors for venous symptoms were calculated by multiple regression analysis. The study is registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03900234, 1 April 2019.Results: A total of 259 patients (53.2%) had venous symptoms. Female gender, hard labour (HRs 1.8 and 1.4, p < .01), age, family history of CVD and being employed (HRs 1.009, 1.3, 1.27, p < .05) are risk factors for development of symptoms. After calculating for different complaints separately, female gender was confirmed as a risk factor for all symptoms. Family history of CVD with HR 1.4 is a risk factor for heaviness (p < .01) and fatigue (p < 0.05). Employment predicts heaviness, sensation of swelling and night cramps – HRs 1.38, 1.7 and 1.9 respectively (p < .05). Hard labour is a risk factor for sensation of swelling with HR 2.1 (p < .05), pain and night cramps (HRs 2.2 and 4.4, p < .01). Prolonged standing is associated with sensation of swelling – HR 1.05 (p < .05). Superficial venous reflux is a predictor only for venous pain (HR 2.4, p < .01).Conclusions: This study presents independent risk factors for venous symptoms in CVD patients. It demonstrates that different symptoms are associated with different factors.