Risk factors for the progression of chronic generalized periodontitis in women during menopause

Abstract

Relevance. The global trend associated with increasing life expectancy leads to an augmentation of the frequency of diseases and conditions associated with the cessation of estrogen production. Hormonal changes in the female body, which lead to changes in the mineral density of bone tissue, microcirculation, and immune status, create prerequisites for the destruction of target organs, including periodontal tissues. The highest prevalence of periodontal pathology is observed against the background of estrogen deficiency, especially during menopause. The multifactorial nature of the Association of pathologies that develop against the background of estrogen deficiency requires further study. Purpose. Assessment of the contribution of various pathogenetic factors to the progression of oral pathology in women in the period of reproductive aging. Materials and methods . The paper uses the results obtained during the examination of 73 patients with chronic generalized periodontitis at various stages of menopause with an assessment of the level of reproductive hormones, endothelial dysfunction, major periodontogens, and local immunity. Results. An increase in the duration of menopause leads to the formation of endothelial dysfunction, increased destruction of periodontal bone tissue, and local immunosuppression. Conclusion. The progression of periodontal diseases in menopause depends on many factors, including estrogen deficiency, violations of local and general blood supply, immunity disorders and microbial flora.