Risk factors for surgical site infection in advanced neuromodulation pain procedures: a retrospective study.

Abstract

Aim: To assess the effects of diabetes mellitus (DM) and related variables on surgical site infection (SSI) risk in neuromodulation. Methods: This retrospective study followed patients who underwent neuromodulation procedures for at least 9 months to identify postoperative infections. Demographics, clinical characteristics and surgical outcomes were compared. Results: Of 195 cases included, 5 (2.6%) resulted in SSIs. Median HbA1c was significantly higher for the cases with SSIs (8.2vs 5.6%;p=0.0044). The rate of SSI was significantly higher among patients with DM (17.9vs 0%;p=0.0005), HbA1c≥7% (37.5vs 0%;p=0.0009), and perioperative glucose ≥200mg/dl (40vs 2.3%;p=0.0101). Conclusion: DM, elevated HbA1c and perioperative hyperglycemia may all contribute to increased risk of SSIs with neuromodulation procedures.