Risk Factors for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Polish Paramedics: A Pilot Study

Abstract

BackgroundWorking as a paramedic carries the risk of witnessing events and personal experiences associated with emergency life-threatening circumstances that may result in symptoms associated with posttraumatic stress. This problem is well known but still underestimated. ObjectivesThe specific study objectives were to 1) assess the influence of sociodemographic and occupational factors on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among paramedics, and 2) suggest preventive strategies in this population. MethodsThis prospective, descriptive study examined a sample of 100 paramedics who agreed to complete the Author Questionnaire comprising demographic questions and the Impact of Event Scale – Revised. ResultsThe total prevalence of PTSD in the examined group was 40.0% (women = 64.3%, men = 36.1%). It was more frequently reported in paramedics working under an employer's contract than among those who were self-employed. It occurred less frequently in persons with more education. Other sociodemographic factors studied showed no significant impact. A statistically significant effect of exposure to certain types of traumatic events on the incidence of PTSD was found. There was no significant correlation between the prevalence of PTSD and the occurrence of problem situations in respondents' workplaces. ConclusionsPolish paramedics who agreed to take part in the survey were shown to have a high rate of PTSD. Multi-center screening and early supportive management is recommended.