Abstract
PurposeNeuroendocrine neoplasia (NEN) has been displaying an incremental trend along the last two decades. This phenomenon is poorly understood, and little information is available on risk factor for neuroendocrine neoplasia development. Aim of this work is to elucidate the role of potentially modifiable risk factors for pancreatic and pulmonary NEN.MethodsWe conducted a case–control study on 184 patients with NEN (100 pancreas and 84 lung) and 248 controls. The structured questionnaire included 84 queries on socio-demographic, behavioral, dietary and clinical information.ResultsIncreased risk was associated with history of cancer (“other tumor”, lung OR = 7.18; 95% CI: 2.55–20.20 and pancreas OR = 5.88; 95% CI: 2.43–14.22; “family history of tumor”, lung OR = 2.66; 95% CI: 1.53–4.64 and pancreas OR = 1.94; 95% CI: 1.19–3.17; “family history of lung tumor”, lung OR = 2.56; 95% CI: 1.05–6.24 and pancreas OR = 2.60; 95% CI: 1.13–5.95). Type 2 diabetes mellitus associated with an increased risk of pancreatic NEN (OR = 3.01; 95% CI: 1.15–7.89).ConclusionsBesides site-specific risk factors, there is a significant link between neuroendocrine neoplasia and cancer in general, pointing to a shared cancer predisposition.
Highlights
Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms in different anatomical sites [1]
This work contributed novel population-based, case–control data on risk factors associating with neuroendocrine cancer
Several risk factors were associated with NEN
Summary
Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms in different anatomical sites [1]. Most of NENs occur in the small intestine and pancreas, followed by lung and the respiratory system and by colon. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italia 8 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italia 9 Digestive Surgery Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italia 10 Section of Hygiene, Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italia Section of Anatomic Pathology, Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italia Roma European NeuroEndocrine Tumor Society (ENETS) Center of Excellence, Roma, Italia Present address: Institute of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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