Risk factors for mild depression in older women with overactive bladder syndrome-A cross sectional study.

Raquel H Jacomo,Marianne L Da Silva,Marianne L Da Silva,Patrícia A Garcia,Liana B G Matheus,Aline T Alves,Dayanne C R Lorena,João B De Sousa,Antonio Simone Laganà

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0227415

Raquel H Jacomo, Marianne L Da Silva + Show 7 more

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https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0227415

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Abstract

BackgroundStudies demonstrate an association between severe depression and overactive bladder syndrome (OAB). However, mild depression is constantly overlooked. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and sociodemographic factors associated with mild depression in women with OAB.MethodsCross-sectional study involving 241 women over 60 years old in Brasilia, Brazil. All patients were subjected to an interview followed by questionnaires and physical examination. The clinical and sociodemographic variables analyzed were age, body mass index, physical activity level, OAB symptoms, presence of gynecological surgery, fecal incontinence, systemic arterial hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus, anxiety (Beck Anxiety Scale). The Geriatric Depression Scale-15 (GDS-15) was used to identify depression. Univariate logistic regression was used to assess the correlation between mild depression and the variables chosen. Variables with a p-value less than 0.2 were included in the multivariate logistic regression analysis. The level of confidence was set at 95%.Results121 volunteers suffered from mild depression. The multivariate analysis demonstrated that gynecological surgery (p < .001) and anxiety (p < .001) are factors associated with mild depression. Older women with a history of gynecological surgery and a GDS-15 score of 2.04 were 1.08 times more likely to develop mild depression compared to older women with no history of gynecological surgery.ConclusionAnxiety and a history of gynecological surgery are factors that need to be taken into account and may influence the development of mild depression in older women with OAB. Psychological treatment should be considered an important adjunct in the treatment of women with symptoms of Overactive Bladder Syndrome.

Highlights

Overactive bladder syndrome (OAB) is a common condition characterized by urgency to void, usually accompanied by frequency and nocturia, with or without urge-urinary incontinence (UUI), in the absence of urinary tract infection (UTI) or an underlying metabolic or pathologic condition [1]
The multivariate analysis demonstrated that gynecological surgery (p < .001) and anxiety (p < .001) are factors associated with mild depression
The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and sociodemographic factors associated with mild depression in older women with overactive bladder syndrome (OAB)

Summary

Introduction

Overactive bladder syndrome (OAB) is a common condition characterized by urgency to void, usually accompanied by frequency and nocturia, with or without urge-urinary incontinence (UUI), in the absence of urinary tract infection (UTI) or an underlying metabolic or pathologic condition [1]. OAB symptoms increase with advancing age in men and women. End-of-life depression is a public health problem which is associated with an increased risk of morbidity and suicide. It is associated with physical and cognitive decline, reduced social life, and greater self-neglect, thereby increasing mortality. Depression signs can be highly heterogeneous, and often not noticeable, leading to a high risk of late intervention [10]. One study shows that 38.3% of postmenopausal women have mild depression [11]. Studies demonstrate an association between severe depression and overactive bladder syndrome (OAB).

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