Risk Factors for Intracerebral Hemorrhage in a Pooled Prospective Study

Abstract

Few prospective studies have reported risk factors for intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), and results are inconsistent. We studied risk factors for ICH in a pooled cohort of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study (ARIC) and the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS). The ARIC cohort was recruited in 1987 to 1989 and involves 15 792 men and women, aged 45 to 64 years at baseline, sampled from 4 US communities. The CHS cohort was recruited in 1989 to 1993 and involves 5888 men and women, aged 65 or over at baseline, sampled from 4 US communities. Baseline measurements included many potential vascular risk factors. The cohorts were followed for incident stroke events. Over 263 489 person-years of follow-up, 135 incident ICH events occurred. In a multivariable model, age, African-American ethnicity (versus Whites), and hypertension were positively associated with incident ICH, whereas low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides were inversely related to incident ICH. Participants with systolic blood pressure >or=160 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure >/=110 mm Hg had 5.55 (95% CI 3.07 to 10.0) times the rate of ICH as nonhypertensives. Sex, smoking, alcohol intake, body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, waist circumference, and diabetes were not related to ICH. In this pooled cohort the risk factors for ICH were older age, African-American ethnicity, hypertension, lower LDL-C, and lower triglycerides.