Abstract
(1) Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) increases the susceptibility to the presence of herpes zoster (HZ). Little is known about the risk factors of HZ in CKD patients; (2) Methods: This is a case-control study. CKD patients diagnosed with HZ between January 2015 and June 2021 in a tertiary hospital were identified. One age- and gender- matched control was paired for each case, matched to the date of initial HZ diagnosis. Conditional multiple logistic regression was used to evaluate the risk factors associated with the presence of HZ; (3) Results: Forty-seven HZ patients and controls were identified. In general, about 73.40% (69 out of 94) patients were classified at IV to V stages of CKD. Immunosuppressive agents (p = 0.0012) and dialysis therapy (p = 0.021) were reported more frequently in the HZ cohort. Compared with the control group, the total white cell count and lymphocyte count were significantly lower in the HZ group (p value of 0.032 and 0.003, respectively). The conditional logistics regression model revealed that previous immunosuppressants administration (odds ratio: 10.861, 95% CI: 2.092~56.392, p = 0.005) and dialysis therapy (odds ratio: 3.293, 95% CI: 1.047~10.355, p = 0.041) were independent risk factors of HZ in the CKD population; (4) Conclusions: Dialysis and immunosuppressants therapy were associated with greater risk of HZ disease in CKD patients. Further guideline may highlight the necessity of zoster vaccine for patients with CKD, who undertake associated treatment.
Highlights
We aim to examine the potential risk factors of zoster attack in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients
Control: The controls were randomly retried from the remaining CKD patients, ageand sex- matched with the herpes zoster (HZ) cases
The research of a medical database initially identified a total of 47 CKD cases with a diagnosis of HZ
Summary
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. The burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD) has become a great challenge for the global healthcare system, affecting almost 15% of adults in the United States [1]. As CKD progresses, costly therapy such as dialysis or kidney transplant may be required to maintain the function of kidney. Patients with CKD exhibit greater risk to developing cardiovascular disease, in both the dialysis- and non–dialysis dependent population [2]
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