Risk Factors for Hemorrhoids on Screening Proctoscopy at Rajshahi Medical College Hospital in Bangladesh: A Prospective Study

Abstract

Background: Hemorrhoids are a common medical condition that affects a significant portion of the population worldwide. Understanding the risk factors associated with hemorrhoids is crucial for effective prevention and management. This prospective study conducted at the Department of Surgery, Rajshahi Medical College Hospital in Bangladesh aimed to identify and analyze the risk factors for hemorrhoids in a sample of 156 patients over a three-year period from June 2017 to June 2020. Methods: A total of 156 patients who presented with symptoms suggestive of hemorrhoids underwent screening proctoscopy at Rajshahi Medical College Hospital. Data on demographic variables, lifestyle factors, medical history, and dietary habits were collected through structured interviews and medical records review. Statistical analysis, including logistic regression, was employed to identify significant risk factors associated with the development of hemorrhoids. Results: The study revealed several key risk factors associated with hemorrhoids, including age, gender, family history, dietary habits, and sedentary lifestyle. Logistic regression analysis identified age over 40 years (OR=2.58, 95% CI: 1.34-4.97), male gender (OR=1.92, 95% CI: 1.07-3.44), positive family history of hemorrhoids (OR=2.14, 95% CI: 1.18-3.86), low fiber diet (OR=2.36, 95% CI: 1.27-4.40), and prolonged sitting (OR=1.78, 95% CI: 1.02-3.10) as significant risk factors for hemorrhoids. Conclusion: This prospective study conducted at Rajshahi Medical College Hospital in Bangladesh provides valuable insights into the risk factors associated with hemorrhoids in the study population. The findings underscore the importance of lifestyle modifications and early intervention strategies to reduce the burden of this common medical condition in Bangladesh.