Risk Factors For Ectopic Pregnancy : A Case Control Study In Tertiary Care Centre

Abstract

Objective: To study various risk factors for ectopic pregnancy among population of Himachal Pradesh. Method : Present case control study was conducted over a period of one year in the Department of obstetrics and gynaecology, Kamla Nehru State Hospital for mother and child, Indira Gandhi Medical College , Shimla from March, 2011 to Feb, 2012. In this case control study, all the diagnosed cases of ectopic pregnancy were taken as cases and controls were the age matched women with normal intrauterine pregnancy of same gestation age. Total number of diagnosed ectopic pregnancy cases who reported to hospital during study period were 110. All cases were analysed. Results: Overall incidence of ectopic pregnancy was 18.62 per 1,000 deliveries in the present study with mean age 28.72 years. Maximum number of cases were multigravidae (80.90%).Eighty (72.72%) cases belonged to rural area and 61.81% cases were from middle – lower socioeconomic status. Most common risk factors were infertility (23.60%), PID (22.70%), previous laparotomy (22.72%), tubal sterilization (10%) and previous history of ectopic pregnancy (10%) in the present study. Conclusion: Ectopic pregnancy still remains the most lethal obstetrical emergency and a very high index of suspicion in women with risk factors will reduce ectopic pregnancy related morbidity and mortality.