Risk Factors for Early Mortality in Patients with Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma: A Large-Cohort Retrospective Study

Abstract

The present study assessed early mortality (within 1 and 3 months) in patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) and identified the risk factors associated with early mortality. We extracted the data for patients with PCNSL from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results dataset using the SEER∗Stat, version 8.3.5, software. A total of 8091 patients with PCNSL were enrolled in the present study. Of the 8091 patients, 57.94% were men and 42.06% were women. The mean age was 59.50 ± 16.11 years. The rate of death within 1 and 3 months was 10.67% and 29.16%, respectively. During the past 20 years, early mortality declined significantly. The common causes of early death were non-Hodgkin lymphoma and other infectious and parasitic diseases, including human immunodeficiency virus. Our results showed that gender, age at diagnosis, ethnicity, histological subtype, marital status, tumor location, surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy were associated with early mortality within 1 or 3 months. The rate of early mortality has declined significantly during the past 20 years. The risk factors for early mortality within 1 or 3 months after a PCNSL diagnosis included advanced age, male gender, black race, frontal lobe location, unmarried, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, no surgery, no chemotherapy, and no radiotherapy.