Abstract
Depression, anxiety, and panic disorders are common in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and important for the further course of the disease, as they are associated with increased hospital admissions, longer hospital stays, more frequent doctor visits, and a worsened quality of life. There are also indications of premature death in affected patients. Therefore, knowledge of the risk factors for depression in COPD patients is all the more important for early detection and treatment. Hence, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and the MEDLINE/PubMed databases were analyzed for studies on these risk factors. The main factors are as follows: female gender; older/younger age; living alone; higher education; unemployment; retirement; a low quality of life; social isolation; high/low income; high cigarette and alcohol consumption; poor physical fitness; severe respiratory symptoms; high/low body mass index, airway obstruction, dyspnea, exercise capacity index scores; and comorbidities (mainly heart disease, cancer, diabetes, and stroke). This article presents the analyzed medical literature.
Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
