Abstract
Objective Depression and anxiety are common morbidities of critical illness. We assessed risk factors of depression and anxiety in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) survivors at 1 and 2 years post-hospital discharge. Method Risk factors for depression and anxiety at 1 and 2 years were assessed using stepwise multiple regression analyses, with and without 1-year outcomes. Results ARDS survivors had depression (16% and 23%) and anxiety (24% and 23%) at 1 and 2 years, respectively. Predictors of depression at 1 year were alcohol dependence, female gender and younger age ( P=.006). Predictors of anxiety were ratio of arterial oxygen tension to inspired oxygen fraction and duration of mechanical ventilation ( P<.005). Predictors of depression at 2 years were depression at 1 year and the presence of cognitive sequelae ( P<.0001). Predictors of anxiety at 2 years was anxiety at 1 year ( P<.0001). Conclusions Medical variables that predicted depression or anxiety at 1 year no longer predicted depression and anxiety at 2 years. Medical variables appear to have a short-term effect on psychiatric outcomes. At 2 years lifestyle behaviors including history of smoking along with cognitive sequelae, depression and anxiety at 1 year predict depression and anxiety.
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