Risk Factors for Clostridium Difficile Infection in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Muralidhar Varma,Shashidhar Vishwanath,Neha Agrawal,Pallavi Uppal,Rahul Singh,Karunya Jayasimha

doi:10.24200/imminv.v2i4.151

Abstract

Introduction: Clostridium difficile infections have had significant morbidity and mortality in the last decade leading to high healthcare costs. Our prospective case-control study from October 2013 to May 2015 in a tertiary care hospital in rural India aimed to evaluate the risk factors, treatment, outcome, and complications of Clostridium difficile infections in hospitalized patients.Materials and Methods: The study involved a total of 183 patients, of which 61 were cases, and 122 were controls. Data was analyzed using multivariate logistic regression.Results: Antibiotic intake in the past four weeks (p=0.003), hypoalbuminemia (p=0.001) and duration of hospital stay before the onset of diarrhea (p<0.001) were proven to have significant risk. We subdivided cases into severe and non-severe cases, and we found that complications were statistically higher in severe cases (OR= 1.685, <0.001).Conclusion: Identifying severe cases and administering timely and appropriate treatment is prudent.

Highlights

Clostridium difficile infections have had significant morbidity and mortality in the last decade leading to high healthcare costs
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus has been surpassed by hospital-acquired Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) as the leading source of healthcare-associated infection, and because of its significant morbidity and mortality, CDI has been of concern over the last decade (2)
We performed this study to determine risk factors associated with CDI among patients with hospital-acquired diarrhea and with poor prognosis in a tertiary care hospital

Summary

Introduction

Clostridium difficile infections have had significant morbidity and mortality in the last decade leading to high healthcare costs. Our prospective case-control study from October 2013 to May 2015 in a tertiary care hospital in rural India aimed to evaluate the risk factors, treatment, outcome, and complications of Clostridium difficile infections in hospitalized patients. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus has been surpassed by hospital-acquired Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) as the leading source of healthcare-associated infection, and because of its significant morbidity and mortality, CDI has been of concern over the last decade (2). We performed this study to determine risk factors associated with CDI among patients with hospital-acquired diarrhea and with poor prognosis in a tertiary care hospital

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion