Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is the most common cancer in Northeast Thailand. It is also a crucial health problem for Thai people. Various risk factors for CCA have been identified in the upper part of Northeast Thailand, but no similar studies of risk factors have been conducted in the lower parts of the region. This study aimed to investigate factors associated with CCA in the resident population. A hospital-based case-control study was conducted during 2009-2012 with the recruitment of 123 CCA cases and 123 non-CCA patient controls, matched for sex, age and residential area. Information was collected by interview with a structured questionnaire. Blood samples were collected for assays of anti-OV antibodies. Associations between various personal factors, dietary habits, family history, the presence of anti-OV antibodies and CCA were analyzed using multiple conditional logistic regression. Patients who consumed raw meat (beef, pork) and alcoholic beverages ≥3 times per week had a higher risk of CCA than non-consumers (ORadj=4.33; 95%CI=1.14-16.35 and ORadj=2.13; 95%CI=1.00-4.55, respectively). Patients who had a family history of cancer had a higher risk than those who did not (ORadj=4.34; 95%CI=1.80-10.43). Also, patients who had anti-OV antibodies (AU>23.337) had a higher risk than those whose anti-OV antibodies were below the cut-off (AU≤23.34) (ORadj=3.09; 95%CI=1.04-9.16). As is the case in the upper part of Northeast Thailand, OV infection is a crucial risk factor for CCA in people who live in lower part of the region. Similarly, a family history of cancer and the consumption of alcohol are risk factors for CCA.
Highlights
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), the second most common histological type of primary liver cancer, is the most common cancer in the northeast region of Thailand and remains a significant public health problem for Thai people (Parkin et al, 1993; Sripa et al, 2012).Based on data from the Cancer Registry of Ubon Ratchathani, the estimated age standardized incidence rates of CCA have been 74.9 and 34.7 per 100,000 for males and females, respectively (Khuhaprema et al, 2007)
Various risk factors for CCA have been identified in the upper part of Northeast Thailand, but no similar studies of risk factors have been conducted in the lower parts of the region
Patients who had anti-Opisthorchis viverrini (OV) antibodies (AU>23.337) had a higher risk than those whose anti-OV antibodies were below the cut-off (AU≤23.34) (ORadj=3.09; 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs)=1.04-9.16)
Summary
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), the second most common histological type of primary liver cancer, is the most common cancer in the northeast region of Thailand and remains a significant public health problem for Thai people (Parkin et al, 1993; Sripa et al, 2012).Based on data from the Cancer Registry of Ubon Ratchathani, the estimated age standardized incidence rates of CCA have been 74.9 and 34.7 per 100,000 for males and females, respectively (Khuhaprema et al, 2007). Most of the studies of OV infection and other risk factors for CCA have been conducted in the upper part of Northeast Thailand. There is considerable interest in the incidence of CCA in the lower part of Northeast Thailand, few studies have been done to investigate the risk factors in this part of the region. We conducted a hospital-based case-control study to investigate factors associated with CCA in a population of lower part of the northeast region. Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is the most common cancer in Northeast Thailand It is a crucial health problem for Thai people. Conclusions: As is the case in the upper part of Northeast Thailand, OV infection is a crucial risk factor for CCA in people who live in lower part of the region. A family history of cancer and the consumption of alcohol are risk factors for CCA
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