Risk factors for cancer of the esophagus: a case control study in a metropolitan area of south-eastern Brazil

Suely Godoy Agostinho Gimeno,Pelayo Correa,Antonio Pedro Mirra,José Maria Pacheco De Souza,William Haenszel

doi:10.1590/s0034-89101995000300002

Abstract

The association between esophageal cancer and smoking and drinking habits, instruction and nutritional factors was examined by means of the utilization of data of a case-control study which was undertaken in the city of S. Paulo (Brazil). Eighty five cases were compared with two hundred and ninety two hospital controls, with different diseases, including other kinds of cancer. The crude estimations of the odds ratios were calculated for all the variables. Logistic regression was used in the next steps of the analysis. The drinking habit [odds ratio = 3.68, 95% confidence interval (1.74 - 7.78)], the smoking habit [odds ratio 4.86; 95% confidence interval (1.95 - 12.13)] and the frequent eating of hot pepper [odds ratio = 2.48; 95% confidence interval (1.46 - 4.23)] are important risk factors for the disease. The estimate of odds ratio for smoking ordinary cigarette was 3.43 (1.31-8.97) and for smoking of corn straw hand-rolled cigarrette was of 4.18 (1.38-12.66).

Highlights

The association between esophageal cancer and smoking and drinking habits, instruction and nutritional factors was examined by means of the utilization of data of a case-control study wich was undertaken in the city of S
The crude estimations of the odds ratios were calculated for all the variables
Logistic regression was used in the steps of the analysis

Summary

Caracterização da População Estudada

Foi considerado caso todo indivíduo com diagnóstico de câncer de esôfago comprovado histológicamente, que se encontrasse internado ou freqüentando o ambulatório dos hospitais onde o estudo foi desenvolvido. Além dos cem controles pareados com os primeiros cem casos de esôfago, foram incluídos, no grupo de controle, os casos de reto e seus respectivos controles, sendo excluídos 4 pares em função de apresentarem idade superior a 80 anos (Tabela 1). Dos cem indivíduos inicialmente incluídos no grupo de casos com câncer de esôfago, quinze não tiveram seu diagnóstico confirmado pelo exame histológico e foram excluídos do estudo; dessa forma, a amostra final ficou composta por 85 casos com câncer de esôfago e 292 controles

Caracterização do Método de Estudo

Referências Bibliográficas