Risk Factors for Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Korean : based on National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Analysis in 2011 and 2012

Abstract

Purpose : We investigated correlation between dietary supplements such as vitamins and minerals, and progression of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in Korean based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 2011 and 2012. Methods : We analyzed the correlation between AMD and vitamin, mineral intakes for adults aged 45 years and older. They underwent physical examinations and eye examinations during the period of the National Health and Nutrition Survey. The association of AMD and vitamin, mineral intakes were analysed using cross-tabulation, and Chi-square test and also the risk ratio (odds ratio) using logistic regression. The significance level was p<0.05. Results : Of 6,219 Koreans over the age of 45 who were participated in the National Health Nutrition Examination, the rate of AMD was 9.6 %. The early AMD was associated with nutrient vitamin A, B1, B2, B3, C and calcium, phosphorus, iron, sodium and potassium intakes. The risk of early AMD was 1.35 times higher (95 % confidence interval : 1.03 to 1.78) in the group of the intake of vitamin B3 was below the average. In the late AMD, the prevalence rate was higher when the intake of potassium and vitamin B2 were lower than the average, and the risk of late AMD was 4.3 times (95 % confidence interval : 1.76) higher when the intake of potassium was below the average. Conclusions : The intake of vitamin and mineral was associated with a reduction of the risk of AMD progression and also prevention of AMD.