Risk factors for adverse drug reactions in patients admitted to intensive care units

Karin Obreque,Rosemarie Mellado,Max Andresen

doi:10.4067/s0034-98872021000901258

Karin Obreque, Rosemarie Mellado + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.4067/s0034-98872021000901258

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Abstract

Patients hospitalized in intensive care units (ICU) are at higher risk of having adverse drug reactions (ADR). To determine risk factors for ADR, through intensive pharmacological surveillance at the ICU. An observational, descriptive and prospective study was made, determining risk parameters in patients who experienced ADR. Eighty-five patients were surveilled and 24 (28%) had an ADR. A total of 48 drugs responsible for at least one ADR were identified. Seventy-three percent ADR were moderate and 27% were severe. The clinical variables significantly associated with ADR were a history of allergies, a high body mass index, the reason for admission, an APACHE II score ≥ 14 points, the use of invasive mechanical ventilation and more than seven days of hospitalization. The pharmacological variables associated with ADR were polypharmacy and medication associations and combinations. The identified risk factors have a great impact on pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters, and should be considered to avoid the appearance of ADR.

Highlights

Santiago, Chile. aPrograma de Química y Farmacia
Risk factors for adverse drug reactions in patients admitted to intensive care units Background: Patients hospitalized in intensive care units (ICU) are at higher risk of having adverse drug reactions (ADR)
The clinical variables significantly associated with ADR were a history of allergies, a high body mass index, the reason for admission, an APACHE II score ≥ 14 points, the use of invasive mechanical ventilation and more than seven days of hospitalization

Summary

ARTÍCULO DE INVESTIGACIÓN

Risk factors for adverse drug reactions in patients admitted to intensive care units Background: Patients hospitalized in intensive care units (ICU) are at higher risk of having adverse drug reactions (ADR). Aim: To determine risk factors for ADR, through intensive pharmacological surveillance at the ICU. Conclusions: The identified risk factors have a great impact on pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters, and should be considered to avoid the appearance of ADR. Los pacientes que ingresan a UCI presentan factores de riesgo para el desarrollo de RAM, comprometiendo no solo la recuperación del paciente, sino que, además, elevando costos asociados y retrasando una eficaz y activa alta de la unidad[8,9]. Existen estudios que evalúan factores de riesgo a RAM, no obstante, comprenden área pediátrica[10,11] y de medicina interna[12]. El objetivo de la presente investigación es evaluar y determinar factores de riesgo de RAM en pacientes de UCI, además, determinar el nivel de concordancia entre métodos de clasificación RAM, evaluando grado de confiabilidad entre sí

Pacientes y Método

Combinaciones Medicamentosas

Trombocitopenia Prolongación intervalo QT

Clasificación Mecanismo del A fármaco

Findings

Conclusión