Abstract
Background: Pulmonary TB in children is still a serious public health problem in Aceh Province, this can be seen from the increase in cases in the last three years that are suspected to be related to immunization status, nutritional status, income, knowledge, the presence of TB sufferers, occupancy density and exposure to cigarette smoke. This study aims to determine the risk factors associated with pulmonary TB incidence in children in Banda Aceh. Method: This research is an analytic observational study using a case control design. The population in this study was children suffering from pulmonary TB in Banda Aceh as many as 30 respondents. Using a ratio of 1:2 comparison, the research sample of 90 respondents consisted of 30 cases and 60 controls. Data collection was conducted from 15 October to 15 December, conducted in the respondent's home. Data analysis using conditional multiple logistic regression test. Results: Risk factors associated with pulmonary TB in childrenare: the employment of self-employed fathers (p=0.046; OR=2.7; 95% CI: 1.01-7.50), low income (p=0.046; OR=2.7; 95% CI: 1.01-7.50), the presence of TB patients in home (p=0.001; OR=31; 95% CI: 4.11-234), cigarette smoke exposure (p=0.004; OR=4; 95% CI: 1.54-10.3), no BCG immunization (p=0.023; OR=4.6; 95% CI: 1.23-17.2), malnutrition status with the occurrence of pulmonary TB in children in Banda Aceh (p=0.002; OR=5.9; 95% CI: 1.93-18.5). The results of the multivariate analysis concluded that the tendency of pulmonary TB in children in the city of Banda Aceh to occur in the presence of TB patients at home was almost 4 times more dominant than other variables. Recommendation: To Banda Aceh Health Office in order to increase the number of pulmonary TB screening in children, especially in children with parents who suffer from pulmonary TB.
Highlights
Pulmonary Tuberkulosis anak (TB) in children is still a serious public health problem in Aceh Province, this can be seen from the increase in cases in the last three years that are suspected to be related to immunization status, nutritional status, income, knowledge, the presence of TB sufferers, occupancy density and exposure to cigarette smoke
Hasil: Faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan TB paru pada anak adalah pekerjaan ayah wiraswasta (p=0.046; OR=2.7; 95% CI: 1.01-7.50), pendapatan rendah (p=0.046; OR=2.7; 95% CI: 1.01-7.50), keberadaan penderita TB serumah (p= 0.001; OR=31; 95% CI: 4.11-234), paparan asap rokok (p=0.004; OR=4; 95% CI: 1.54-10.3), tidak ada imunisasi BCG (p=0.023; OR=4.6; 95% CI: 1.23-17.2), status gizi kurang dengan terjadinya TB paru pada anak di Kota Banda Aceh (p=0.002; OR=5.9; 95% CI: 1.93-18.5)
Hasil uji statistik diperoleh odd ratio tidak ada imunsiasi BCG terhadap terjadinya TB paru pada anak sebesar 4.6, yang mengindikasikan bahwa anak yang tidak ada imunisasi BCG berisiko hampir lima kali lebih besar menderita penyakit TB paru dibandingkan dengan anak yang ada imunisasi BCG dan secara statistik ada hubungan antara imunsiasi BCG dengan kejadian TB paru pada anak (p value=0.023)
Summary
Pulmonary TB in children is still a serious public health problem in Aceh Province, this can be seen from the increase in cases in the last three years that are suspected to be related to immunization status, nutritional status, income, knowledge, the presence of TB sufferers, occupancy density and exposure to cigarette smoke. Hasil: Faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan TB paru pada anak adalah pekerjaan ayah wiraswasta (p=0.046; OR=2.7; 95% CI: 1.01-7.50), pendapatan rendah (p=0.046; OR=2.7; 95% CI: 1.01-7.50), keberadaan penderita TB serumah (p= 0.001; OR=31; 95% CI: 4.11-234), paparan asap rokok (p=0.004; OR=4; 95% CI: 1.54-10.3), tidak ada imunisasi BCG (p=0.023; OR=4.6; 95% CI: 1.23-17.2), status gizi kurang dengan terjadinya TB paru pada anak di Kota Banda Aceh (p=0.002; OR=5.9; 95% CI: 1.93-18.5).
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