Risk Factors Associated with Postoperative Obesity in Childhood-Onset Craniopharyngioma Patients: A Case-Control Study

Abstract

Identifying risk factors associated with obesity after craniopharyngioma (CP) resection is pivotal for the prediction and prevention of postoperative obesity. Although multiple elegant studies have investigated this issue, studies focusing on Asian pediatric patients are missing. Herein, we retrospectively analyzed the risk factors associated with obesity after childhood-onset CP surgery in our center, aiming to provide insights into approaches reducing the occurrence of postoperative obesity. The clinical data of 53 children with CP who met the inclusion criteria from July 2011 to August 2020 in our center were collected for retrospective analysis. Univariate and multivariate logistic retrospective analyses were used to identify independent risk factors contributing to postoperative obesity. A review of the available literature reporting the risk factors associated with obesity after CP surgery over the past twodecades was performed for comparison. The median age at diagnosis of this cohort was 11.0years, with a median follow-up of 44.0months (range= 8-119months). Eighteen (34.0%) experienced obesity at the last follow-up. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed preoperative body mass index standard deviation score (odds ratio [OR], 1.71; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01-2.90; P=0.046), preoperative hypothalamic involvement (OR, 29.38; 95% CI: 1.76-490.66; P=0.019), and age at diagnosis (OR, 0.76; 95% CI: 0.61-0.95; P=0.016) were independent risk factors for obesity after childhood-onset CP resection. Our results combined with previous literature support preoperative body mass index standard deviation score, preoperative hypothalamic involvement, and age at diagnosis are the independent risk factors associated with obesity after childhood-onset CP resection.