Risk factors associated with MRSA

Sonal Gupta,Poonam Sood Loomba,Aradhana Bhargava,Bibhabati Mishra,Archana Thakur,Vinita Dogra,Manisha Jain

doi:10.1080/23120053.2018.1439136

Abstract

Abstract Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection is associated with increased morbidity and mortality compared with infections caused by methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA). Treatment of MRSA infection is complicated by the fact that these organisms are resistant to multiple antimicrobial agents, so treatment options are limited. The aim of the present study is determine risk factors association with MRSA as compared with MSSA and to compare the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of vancomycin, teicoplanin, linezolid and erythromycin to MRSA and MSSA. Methods: A nine-month prospective study was carried out. Staphylococcus aureus strains with clinical correlation, isolated from hospitalised patients, were included in the study. MIC of vancomycin, teicoplanin, linezolid and erythromycin was determined by E-test (HIMEDIA). Risk factors such as immunosuppression, previous hospitalisation, surgical procedure done, invasive devices and antibiotic therapy wer...

Highlights

The overall Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) prevalence in India has been reported as 42% in 2008 and 40% in 2009
Erythromycin resistance was observed in 56% of MRSA, while no resistance was observed in methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA)
The present study showed a mean minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) value for MRSA against vancomycin to be 0.81 μg/ml, which is higher than the 0.46 μg/ ml for MSSA

Summary

Introduction

The overall MRSA prevalence in India has been reported as 42% in 2008 and 40% in 2009. The efficacy of teicoplanin, in terms of clinical and microbiological cure, has not been proven to be superior to vancomycin, but it has a better toxicity profile and has demonstrated a reduced risk of adverse events.[4] The recently developed antimicrobial drug linezolid, the first of new class of antibiotics, the oxazolidiones, is available. The aim of the present study is determine risk factors association with MRSA as compared with MSSA and to compare the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of vancomycin, teicoplanin, linezolid and erythromycin to MRSA and MSSA. MIC of vancomycin, teicoplanin, linezolid and erythromycin was determined by E-test (HIMEDIA) Risk factors such as immunosuppression, previous hospitalisation, surgical procedure done, invasive devices and antibiotic therapy were determined by a pre-set protocol.

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